Project
III 43004
Project Description
Due to the disruption of the environment through its degradation and pollution, biogeochemical cycles (BGC) and flows of substance and energy are disturbed. By remediation, protection and preservation of the environment with a well-guided harmonization of BGC flows, especially the application of "biological agents" (MO, plants and since recently, animals) all segments of sustainable development are provided for, including the climate, through the emission of CO2 of biological origin. These are the benchmarks of the research (and consequently of the expected results) that will conducted in this project, in the accordance of principles of green chemistry and the concept of biotechnology.
Subproject 1: Simultaneous bioremediation and soilification
The characteristics will be determined (by applying standard and molecular methods and in situ isolation of DNA-microbiomics) of zymogenous consortia of MO from degraded areas (coal mines and ash dumps of thermo-electric power plants) and areas polluted by oil, oil derivatives and off-balance hydrocarbon materials after being separated from their usable parts, e.g. mazut (oil fields, refinery area and facilities,...). The biodegradable activity of MO will be tested in relation to pollutants, including the soilification and humification activity and process with the simultaneous immobilization of toxic elements. Simultaneous ex/in situ bioremediation of the refinery and/or alike in a layer and soilification will be implemented at the ash dump of a thermo-electric power plant, with the application of its own "single use" mobile production bioreactor for obtaining biopile of MO on natural nanomaterials. Soilification will be followed up by the determination of pedological and ecotoxicological indicators.
Subproject 2: Protection of geo- and bioenvironment as natural resources and sources of biologically active substances
On the lab model, in columns, filtration, adsorption and ion-exchange features of materials from the degraded areas will be investigated in relation to oil pollutants and ions of toxic metals, and in the field, in piezometers for aquifer and surface waters, especially in relation to speciation. Together with the results from SP-1, by applying the elaborate, multi-purpose 3D model for the simulation of transportation and biodegradation in the aquifer and version 2.5 of the RT3D module of the Visual MODFLOW Standard Software, the applicable concept of protection will be devised, primarily of mineral water springs and plant resources. Essential and toxic elements will be systematically investigated in mineral waters that have the potential nutraceuticals.
Subproject 3: Biomaterials and biocatalysis
Various biomaterials will be investigated that may be obtained from their own bacterial species of Pseudomonas, grown on waste materials, i.e. low- and highmolecular biosurfactants-rhamnolipides and poly saccharides (PS). These species as our deposited species of the Streptomyces class, also produce enzymes that may respond to various specific requirements of various fields of technology, thanks to their activity and stability within a wide range of temperatures, osmotic pressure and pH, in the presence of organic solvents and particularly when immobilized on nanomaterials. The protected (see Subproject 2) and poorly investigated plant resources for which it is known that they are applied in traditional medicine will be explored as carriers of bioactive components, their biological activity will be tested and they will be correlated with the QSAR studies.
Subproject 4: Development and production of new dietetic products based on natural resources
Functionally new IF will be developed and tested (F for pregnant women, too) up to the industrial level, based on fresh cow milk from protected areas (see SP-2), that will have special features in relation to biofidogenic effect, thanks to their own prebiotics and probiotics (symbiotics) and antioxidation features. The expected high antioxidative potential (that will be tested spectrophotometrically, electrochemically and by EPR) of these products will be implemented by the application of microbial PS nanoparticles (from our species of Aureobasidium and yeast glukans) as a biomaterial with its own species of encapsulated bifidobacteria. The confirmation of effects of these nutritionally new features will be tested in vitro and in clinical nutridynamic studies. PS of mother's milk will be individually tested as unsurpassable prebiotics.
